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system partition and boot partition : ウィキペディア英語版
system partition and boot partition

System partition and boot partition are computing terms for disk partitions of a hard disk drive that must exist and be properly configured for a system to operate correctly. There are two different definitions for these terms: One that developed from the simple firmware on PC's allowing Operating Systems to manage their own Boot Loader's location and one, common in servers, for Firmware that manages the location and selection of Boot Loader. The difference comes from the differing view that the partition is intended to hold a single Operating Systems "boot" code and that the "system" firmware controls the partition with the boot code.
==PC definition==
In context of many PC operating systems, system partition and boot partition are defined as follows:
*The ''boot partition'' is a primary partition that contains the boot loader, a piece of software responsible for booting the OS. For example, in the standard Linux directory layout (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard), boot files (such as the kernel, initrd, and boot loader GRUB) are mounted at /boot/.
*The ''system partition'' is the disk partition that contains the operating system folder, known as ''system root''. By default, in Linux, operating system files are mounted at / (the root directory).
In Linux, a single partition can be both a boot and a system partition if both /boot/ and root directory are in the same partition.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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